Biodegradación de queroseno por cultivos de bacterias aisladas de una fosa petrolera en Venezuela / Kerosene biodegradation by bacterial cultures isolated from oil pit in Venezuela
Palabras clave:
Cultivos bacterianos, biodegradación, queroseno, fosa petrolera, biorremediación, Bacterial cultures, biodegradation, kerosene, oil pit, biorremediation.Resumen
Se evaluó la producción de proteínas, biodegradación de queroseno al 0,5% y al 1,0%, y el crecimiento de bacterias aisladas de una fosa petrolera venezolana, en cultivos axénicos y mixtos, usando medio mínimo mineral con queroseno. Las bacterias se identificaron taxonómicamente como: Yersinia rohdei (K6), Pantoea agglomerans (K3), Sphingobacterium thalpophilum (K2) y Actinobacillus capsulatus (H7), alcanzando el siguiente orden en cuanto a crecimiento poblacional: K3>cultivo mixto>H7>K6> K2, en queroseno al 0,5%. Mientras que, en queroseno al 1,0%, hubo el mejor crecimiento, para: cultivo mixto> K2> K6> H7>K3. En promedio, el mayor contenido de proteínas se encontró al 1,0% de queroseno en Sphingobacterium thalpophilum (K2), con 135,92±0,64 μg/mL y en Actinobacillus sp. (H7) con 81,06±1,13 μg/mL, difiriendo significativamente con el resto de las cepas (p<0,05). En los cultivos con queroseno 0,5%, la remoción de hidrocarburos totales osciló entre 48,12% y 52,54%; en cambio al 1,0% estuvo entre 49,99% y 60,00%. Los hallazgos permiten recomendar el uso de las cepas bacterianas en cultivos axénicos y mixtos como modelos biológicos para estudios sobre biodegradación de derivados de petróleo y biorremediación de fosas de residuales petroleros.
Abstract
The protein production, biodegradation of kerosene at 0.5% and 1.0% and bacterial growth isolated from an oil pit in Venezuela, both in pure cultures and in mixed culture in minimal saline medium with kerosene, were evaluated. The bacteria were taxonomically identified as Yersinia rohdei (K6), Pantoea agglomerans (K3), Sphingobacterium thalpophilum (K2) and Actinobacillus capsulatus (H7), reaching the following order in terms of population: K3>mixed culture>H7>K6> K2 in kerosene 0.5%. While the best growth at 1.0% was obtained with the mixed culture> K2> K6> H7>K3. Sphingobacterium thalpophilum (K2) and Actinobacillus sp. (H7) had the highest mean value of protein production in kerosene to 1.0% (135.92 ± 0.64 and 81,06±1.13 μg /mL) respectively. The removal of kerosene for the 0.5% ranged from 48.12% to 52.54% and for the 1.0% ranged from 49.99% to 60%. The findings can therefore allow recommending the bacterial strains in pure and mixed culture for the biodegradation and bioremediation of the oil pit.
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Referencias
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